有j1、j2、j3三个pn结图1，可以把它中间的np分成两部分，构成一个pnp型三极管和一个npn型
you j1 j2 j3 san ge pn jie tu 1 ke yi ba ta zhong jian de np fen cheng liang bu fen gou cheng yi ge pnp xing san ji guan he yi ge npn xing
回路电压（或电流）减小到接近于零时，晶闸管关断。从晶闸管的内部分析工作过程：晶闸管是四层三端器件，它
hui lu dian ya huo dian liu jian xiao dao jie jin yu ling shi jing zha guan guan duan cong jing zha guan de nei bu fen xi gong zuo guo cheng jing zha guan shi si ceng san duan qi jian ta
极电压，不论门极电压如何，晶闸管保持导通，即晶闸管导通后，门极失去作用。4.晶闸管在导通情况下，当主
ji dian ya bu lun men ji dian ya ru he jing zha guan bao chi dao tong ji jing zha guan dao tong hou men ji shi qu zuo yong 4. jing zha guan zai dao tong qing kuang xia dang zhu
正向阳极电压时，仅在门极承受正向电压的情况下晶闸管才导通。3.晶闸管在导通情况下，只要有一定的正向阳
zheng xiang yang ji dian ya shi jin zai men ji cheng shou zheng xiang dian ya de qing kuang xia jing zha guan cai dao tong 3. jing zha guan zai dao tong qing kuang xia zhi yao you yi ding de zheng xiang yang
的工作条件：1.晶闸管承受反向阳极电压时，不管门极承受和种电压，晶闸管都处于关短状态。2.晶闸管承受
de gong zuo tiao jian 1. jing zha guan cheng shou fan xiang yang ji dian ya shi bu guan men ji cheng shou he zhong dian ya jing zha guan dou chu yu guan duan zhuang tai 2. jing zha guan cheng shou
连接，组成晶闸管的主电路，晶闸管的门极g和阴极k与控制晶闸管的装置连接，组成晶闸管的控制电路。晶闸管
lian jie zu cheng jing zha guan de zhu dian lu jing zha guan de men ji g he yin ji k yu kong zhi jing zha guan de zhuang zhi lian jie zu cheng jing zha guan de kong zhi dian lu jing zha guan
普通晶闸管和高频（快速）晶闸管。晶闸管的工作原理晶闸管t在工作过程中，它的阳极a和阴极k与电源和负载
pu tong jing zha guan he gao pin kuai su jing zha guan jing zha guan de gong zuo yuan li jing zha guan t zai gong zuo guo cheng zhong ta de yang ji a he yin ji k yu dian yuan he fu zai
用金属壳封装，而中、小功率晶闸管则莱钢吧多采用塑封或陶瓷封装。（五）按关断速度分类晶闸管按其关断速度可分为
yong jin shu ke feng zhuang er zhong xiao gong lv jing zha guan ze lai gang ba duo cai yong su feng huo tao ci feng zhuang wu an guan duan su du fen lei jing zha guan an qi guan duan su du ke fen wei
流容量分类晶闸管按电流容量可分为大功率晶闸管、中功率晶闸管和小功率晶闸管三种。通常，大功率晶闸管多采
liu rong liang fen lei jing zha guan an dian liu rong liang ke fen wei da gong lv jing zha guan zhong gong lv jing zha guan he xiao gong lv jing zha guan san zhong tong chang da gong lv jing zha guan duo cai
装晶闸管又分为螺栓形、平莱钢吧板形、圆壳形等多种；塑封晶闸管又分为带散热片型和不带散热片型两种。（四）按电
zhuang jing zha guan you fen wei luo shuan xing ping lai gang ba ban xing yuan ke xing deng duo zhong su feng jing zha guan you fen wei dai san re pian xing he bu dai san re pian xing liang zhong si an dian
封装形式分类晶闸管按其封装形式可分为金属封装晶闸管、塑封晶闸管和陶瓷封装晶闸管三种类型。其中，金属封
feng zhuang xing shi fen lei jing zha guan an qi feng zhuang xing shi ke fen wei jin shu feng zhuang jing zha guan su feng jing zha guan he tao ci feng zhuang jing zha guan san zhong lei xing qi zhong jin shu feng
等多种。（二）按引脚和极性分类晶闸管按其引脚和极性可分为二极晶闸管、三极晶闸管和四极晶闸管。（三）按
deng duo zhong er an yin jiao he ji xing fen lei jing zha guan an qi yin jiao he ji xing ke fen wei er ji jing zha guan san ji jing zha guan he si ji jing zha guan san an
为普通晶莱钢吧闸管、双向晶闸管、逆导晶闸管、门极关断晶闸管（gto）、btg晶闸管、温控晶闸管和光控晶闸管
wei pu tong jing lai gang ba zha guan shuang xiang jing zha guan ni dao jing zha guan men ji guan duan jing zha guan gto btg jing zha guan wen kong jing zha guan he guang kong jing zha guan
晶闸管的种类晶闸管有多种分类方法。（一）按关断、导通及控制方式分类晶闸管按其关断、导通及控制方式可分
jing zha guan de zhong lei jing zha guan you duo zhong fen lei fang fa yi an guan duan dao tong ji kong zhi fang shi fen lei jing zha guan an qi guan duan dao tong ji kong zhi fang shi ke fen
工作，且其工作过程可以控制、被广泛应用于可控整流、交流调压、无触点电子莱钢吧开关、逆变及变频等电子电路中。
gong zuo qie qi gong zuo guo cheng ke yi kong zhi bei guang fan ying yong yu ke kong zheng liu jiao liu diao ya wu chu dian dian zi lai gang ba kai guan ni bian ji bian pin deng dian zi dian lu zhong
、“vt”表示（旧标准中用字母“scr”表示）。晶闸管具有硅整流器件的特性，能在高电压、大电流条件下
vt biao shi jiu biao zhun zhong yong zi mu scr biao shi jing zha guan ju you gui zheng liu qi jian de te xing neng zai gao dian ya da dian liu tiao jian xia
管，双向晶闸管，逆导晶闸管，光控晶闸莱钢吧管等。它是一种大功率开关型半导体器件，在电路中用文字符号为“v”
guan shuang xiang jing zha guan ni dao jing zha guan guang kong jing zha lai gang ba guan deng ta shi yi zhong da gong lv kai guan xing ban dao ti qi jian zai dian lu zhong yong wen zi fu hao wei v
，它有三个极：阳极，阴极和门极；晶闸管工作条件为：加正向电压且门极有触发电流；其派生器件有：快速晶闸
ta you san ge ji yang ji yin ji he men ji jing zha guan gong zuo tiao jian wei jia zheng xiang dian ya qie men ji you chu fa dian liu qi pai sheng qi jian you kuai su jing zha
美国通用电器公司开发出世界上第一晶闸管产品，并于1958年使其莱钢吧商业化；晶闸管是pnpn四层半导体结构
mei guo tong yong dian qi gong si kai fa chu shi jie shang di yi jing zha guan chan pin bing yu 1958 nian shi qi lai gang ba shang ye hua jing zha guan shi pnpn si ceng ban dao ti jie gou
晶闸管（thyristor）是晶体闸流管的简称，又可称做可控硅整流器，以前被简称为可控硅；1957年
jing zha guan thyristor shi jing ti zha liu guan de jian cheng you ke cheng zuo ke kong gui zheng liu qi yi qian bei jian cheng wei ke kong gui 1957 nian